Georgian Cardinals

There are 3 types of numbers: Cardinals, Ordinals and Broken (fractional) numbers. We’ll explain only rules of numbers’ roots. Root is part of a word that doesn’t change. In Georgian a word changes, depending on its case (nominative…). I’ve sent you words in nominative case.

1) Roots
Here are roots of basic numbers that don’t have any rules or have complex rules. These are simple roots. They make all other numbers.

R1 Group: 0 - 19
	
0	ნულ	\x10DC\x10E3\x10DA	
1	ერთ	\x10D4\x10E0\x10D7	
2	ორ	\x10DD\x10E0	
3	სამ	\x10E1\x10D0\x10DB	
4	ოთხ	\x10DD\x10D7\x10EE	
5	ხუთ	\x10EE\x10E3\x10D7	
6	ექვს	\x10D4\x10E5\x10D5\x10E1	
7	შვიდ	\x10E8\x10D5\x10D8\x10D3	
8	რვა	\x10E0\x10D5\x10D0	
9	ცხრა	\x10EA\x10EE\x10E0\x10D0	
10	ათ	\x10D0\x10D7	
11	თერთმეტ	\x10D7\x10D4\x10E0\x10D7\x10DB\x10D4\x10E2	
12	თორმეტ	\x10D7\x10DD\x10E0\x10DB\x10D4\x10E2	
13	ცამეტ	\x10EA\x10D0\x10DB\x10D4\x10E2	
14	თოთხმეტ	\x10D7\x10DD\x10D7\x10EE\x10DB\x10D4\x10E2	
15	თხუთმეტ	\x10D7\x10EE\x10E3\x10D7\x10DB\x10D4\x10E2	
16	თექვსმეტ	\x10D7\x10D4\x10E5\x10D5\x10E1\x10DB\x10D4\x10E2	
17	ჩვიდმეტ	\x10E9\x10D5\x10D8\x10D3\x10DB\x10D4\x10E2	
18	თვრამეტ	\x10D7\x10D5\x10E0\x10D0\x10DB\x10D4\x10E2	
19	ცხრამეტ	\x10EA\x10EE\x10E0\x10D0\x10DB\x10D4\x10E2	

R2 Group: 20, 40, 60, 80

20	ოც	\x10DD\x10EA	
40	ორმოც	\x10DD\x10E0\x10DB\x10DD\x10EA	
60	სამოც	\x10E1\x10D0\x10DB\x10DD\x10EA	
80	ოთხმოც	\x10DD\x10D7\x10EE\x10DB\x10DD\x10EA	

R3 Group: 100, 1 000, 1 000 000, 1 000 000 000, 1 000 000 000 000 

R3a	100	ას	\x10D0\x10E1	
R3b	1 000	ათას	\x10D0\x10D7\x10D0\x10E1	
R3c	1 000 000	მილიონ	\x10DB\x10D8\x10DA\x10D8\x10DD\x10DC	
R3d	1 000 000 000	მილიარდ	\x10DB\x10D8\x10DA\x10D8\x10D0\x10E0\x10D3	
R3e	1 000 000 000 000	ტრილიონ	\x10E2\x10E0\x10D8\x10DA\x10D8\x10DD\x10DC	

Special Words and letters

 AND – და- \x10D3\x10D0
T1 (nominative case’s letter) – ი- \x10D8
There are special rules for T1. For example in nominative case we can add T1 if root ends by no vowel. There are only two roots ended with vowel 8,9. So they don’t add T1.
SPACE (Space character) - \x0020
Other numbers have complex roots, consisted by simple roots. Some of numbers consist of one word, others have multi-word construction. 

2) One-Word Complex Roots.

1.	R4 Group: n is between 21 and 99 except R2
m = int ( n / 20 )
	p = n - m
	R4 = R2(m) + AND + R1(p) 	
	Examples:
 47 = 40 + 7 = ორმოცდაშვიდ
		 72 = 60 +12 =	სამოცდათორმეტ
	So now we have all numbers 0-99. We define this group as R4a 
R1 & R4  => R4a

2.	R5 Group: n is 200, 300, 400, … 900
M = n/100
R5 = R1(m) + R3a
	Examples:
		400 = 4 x 100 = ოთხას
		500 = 5 x 100 = ხუთას

R5 & R3a  => R5a

3) Multi-Word Complex Roots.
	
3. R6 Group: n is m number of thousands, millions or milliards (from R3b, R3c… Group)… 
	R6 = [R4a(m) + T1] + SPACE + [R3b, c… ]

	Examples:
		2 000 = 2 x 1000 = ორი ათას
64 000 000 =  64 x 1 000 000 = სამოცდაოთხი ათას

4. R7 Group: n is between 101 – 999 except R5
m = int (n/100)
p = n - m
	R7 = [R5 a(m)] + SPACE + [R4a(p)]  
	Examples:
		411 = 400 + 11 = ოთხას თერთმეტ
		620 = 600 + 20 = ექვსას ოც
	
	5. R8 Group: n consists of several groups (millions, milliards, hundreds…)
	In this case we should construct number by previous groups in decreasing order (milliards, millions, thousands…). Each subgroup has to add T1 after last R1 or R2.
	Examples:
2 427 361 904 = 2 000 000 000 + 427 000 000 + 361 000 + 904 
2 000 000 000 = [R1(2) + T1] + SP. + [R3e] =ორი მილიარდ
427 000 000 = [R1(4) + R3a] + SP. + [R2(20) + AND + R1(7) + T1] + Sp. + [R3d]= ოთხას ოცდაშვიდი მილიონ
361 000 = [R1(3) + R3a] + SP. + [R2(60) + AND + R1(1) + T1] + SP. + [R3b] = სამას სამოცდაერთი ათას
904 = [R1(9) + R3a] + SP. + [R1(4)] =ცხრაას ოთხ

Finally we have root: [R1(2) + T1] + SP. + [R3e] + SP. + [R1(4) + R3a] + SP. + [R2(20) + AND + R1(7) + T1] + Sp. + [R3d] + SP. + [R1(3) + R3a] + SP. + [R2(60) + AND + R1(1) + T1] + SP. + [R3b] + SP. + [R1(9) + R3a] + SP. + [R1(4)]= ორი მილიარდ ოთხას ოცდაშვიდი მილიონ სამას სამოცდაერთი ათას ცხრაას ოთხ

If we add T1 at last we’ll get a number 2 427 361 904 in nominative case.
ორი მილიარდ ოთხას ოცდაშვიდი მილიონ სამას სამოცდაერთი ათას ცხრაას ოთხი

Georgian Ordinals

Special Construction: ME – მე-\x10DB\x10D4
Special Letter: E – ე-\x10D4

zeroth	ნულოვან	\x10DC\x10E3\x10DA\x10DD\x10D5\x10D0\x10DC	
first	პირველ	\x10DE\x10D8\x10E0\x10D5\x10D4\x10DA	

The rest Georgian Ordinals are made of The Cardinals and ME and E
We should add ME at begin of last R of the Cardinal Construction and E – at the end of it.

Example: 1 425 197
Cardinal Root - [R3c]+SP.+[R1(4)+R3a]+SP.+[R2(20)+AND+R1(5)+T1]+SP.+[R3b]+SP.+[R3a]+SP.+[R2(80)+AND+R1(17)]= მილიონ ოთხას ოცდახუთი ათას ას ოთხმოცდაჩვიდმეტ
(Last R)
Ordinal Construction - 
[R3c]+SP.+[R1(4)+R3a]+SP.+[R2(20)+AND+R1(5)+T1]+SP.+[R3b]+SP.+[R3a]+SP.+[R2(80)+AND+ME+R1(17)]+E  = მილიონ ოთხას ოცდახუთი ათას ას ოთხმოცდამეჩვიდმეტე

	If we write Ordinals by digits, we should use ME and E (not together). If the construction begins with ME, we use prefix ME, else – suffix E. Only ‘1st’ has different rule 1-L (L -ლ-  \x10DA) 
Examples:
1st- 1-L = 1- ლი(ი=T1)
100th  – ‘ME-100’ = მე-100
133rd  – ‘133-E’= 133 -ე

Broken (Fractional) Numbers
	Rules are same as for Ordinals, only we should use 
	ED – ედ - \x10D4\x10D3
instead of E suffix. Don’t forget we are talking about roots. For nominative case we should add T1 by using rules (see the cardinals).

Declination of Numbers
	All rules are very difficult. Above I’ve explained only rules for nominative case (see the cardinals, R3 Group).