წაიკითხეთ . . . "ნასიამოვნები" დარჩებით:
THE GEORGIAN OCCUPATION OF JAVAKHK
Presenting of the imminence of Georgians aspirations on Javakhk, the Republic of Armenia had set up a military administration based on the tiny forces of the Javakhetian self-defense detachments in the Southern part of the Verin Javakhk, in the ‘Region of the Big Lakes’.
The aim of this move was to ensure the security of the population against the exactions of the Mskhet Turks, and to cut short to the Georgian appetites, at least concerning the high plateau around Akhalkalak, where no Georgian had ever lived.
But the decision to send in the regular army remained outstanding, under the pressure of the French and English representatives, recommending patience and negotiations, but also because of the lack of information and boldness.
The destruction of the telegraphic infrastructure and the resulting slowness in the transmissions harmed not less during all this period.
Thus, whereas the population begged for it, the Armenian army did not enter in the town of Akhalkalak, nor beyond it, while it was possible and easy.
Indeed, willing to prevent an armed confrontation, the Armenian Government preferred to initially warn Georgia of its intentions, and if need be to negotiate... privileging diplomacy to force.
On November 12, 1918, the Foreign Minister of the Republic of Armenia, S. Dikranian convenes the Representative of Georgia in Yerevan, Mtivani. Was also present Alexandre Khadissian, himself originally from Javakhk.
Dikranian declared solemnly, that Armenia, referring to the agreement concluded between the Menshevik and ARF representatives before the October Revolution of 1917, on the constitution of the ‘Region of Alexandrapol', agreement legalized by the Government of the Russian Empire later on, considered Javakhk and Dashir, from the southern banks of the river Khram (Armenian Portchalou), as integral part of its territory.
Thus he asked Mtivani to inform the Government of Jordania in Tiflis about this, in order to avoid any incident during the deployment of the Armenian army.
The answer of Jordania, transmitted via Mtivani on November 29 is intransigent.
Not only the agreement on the ‘Region of Alexandrapol' is regarded as null, but even more, Georgia claimed all the Province of Lori, till the outskirts of Gharakilissa (Vanatzor). The justification used, was their incorporation within the boundaries of the Region of Tiflis in the past, during the tsarist rule!
Exploiting the lapse of time, Georgia created from nowhere a ‘provincial administration of Akhalkalak', named a representative, and undertaked military preparations.
On December 1, 1918, during the Cabinet meeting, the Government of Armenia discussed the matter. The report of the Defense Minister, Hovhannes Hakhvertian on the issue of an immediate sending of the army to Lori, Javakhk and Dashir is unfavourable.
Indeed, the Minister refers to a meeting of his Head Quarters the day before, in presence of the Generals Silikian, Tro, Touloukhanian and Zinevitch, based on information which will prove unfounded later on, evoking a threat ‘in the South’, considered inappropriate the immediate sending of the troop to Javakhk.
They would like to avoid as long as possible the opening of a third fronth in North. The absence of a direct access to Javakhk, due to the persistent occupation of Alexandrapol by the Turks is also a weighty argument for this point of view.
Following a heated debate, the decision to privilege diplomacy is taken, the army having only to proceed to preparations for an entry in Javakhk.
This Decision of the Council, based on the advices based on false informations will have irremediable harmful consequences for the destiny of the populations of Javakhk and Dashir.
On December 2, 1918, according the decision adopted the day before, a missive is addressed to the Georgian Government, quoting all the legal, historical, ethnic arguments, justifying the incorporation of Lori, Javakhk and Dashir into Armenia.
There were also reproaches addressed to the Georgian side, for not respecting its engagement not to resort to force during the negotiations... and for wanting to create a “fait accompli”.
It’s only on December 6, 1918 that a small cavalry detachment is sent from Gharakilissa to the ‘Region of Big Lakes’, while passing by Dashir and Dzaghga!
Due to absence of communication and the harsh winter, the Government was still unaware from the evacuation of Alexandrapol by the Turkish army!
Indeed, the short access by Alexandrapol would have allowed sending in much more forces and much sooner....
The delay taken by the Armenian Government will make it possible for the Georgians to occupy all the North and the central part of Javakhk....
On December 5, Dikranian sends an urgent note to Tiflis, asking to stop the military incursion, and abstention from any aggressive operation in the town of Akhalkalak.
He is unaware from the fact that by this date, the Georgian army had already invaded the Lori and almost all of Javakhk!
The Georgian Government had indeed ordered to a whole Army corps, commanded by General Maghashvili to occupy Javakhk and the town of Akhalkalak before the dawn of December 5, 1918.
On December 7th, the response of the Georgian Government, justifies the occupation of Akhalkalak, "based on the request and for the safety of the local population", and because of its Georgian citizenship "for historical and moral reasons ".
The missive being completed by a note of black humour "the Occupation of Akhalkalak will by no means obstruct our future talks on the statute of the disputed provinces"!
Regarding the importance of the occupation forces, and in order to avoid an armed incident, the small detachment of the Armenian army is withdrawn from Javakhk.
The Georgians take advantage of this to occupy the rest of the Province, and to disarm the small Javakhetian detachments of self-defense, in the South, around the Big Lakes.
Very quickly a Georgian administration is installed, the named Governor installed, and a ferocious repression is launched.
One of the first decisions of the ‘Governor’ will be to prohibit the Return from the ‘Death Camps’ to all those who were still there!
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