არა. 110 ზე.
აი თქვენ ტოროსის მონაცემები.
ესეც სტატია ტოროსზე.
TUBITAK - SAGE's work on artillery rocket systems started in the first half of 1980's. Initial programs like G-67 and SAGE 71 short range artillery rocket projects were undertaken as internal research and development studies, being fed by own budget of the institution.
When it became evident that KKK was in need of a family of artillery rockets, TUBITAK - SAGE, securing budget from MSB (Milli Savunma Bakanligi; Ministry of National Defence) and extensive support of TSK, began working on longer range and higher caliber rockets. During these studies, cooperation with MKEK was made and the results were 107mm Anadolu and 122mm Mizrak rockets. Both entered serial production, however ROKETSAN later undertook serial production of extended range 107mm TR-107 and 122mm TR-122 and SR-122 series of rockets.
After the failure of joint production program of M-270 MLRS and M-26 227mm rockets, SAGE started work on a reverse-engineered M-26 rocket as a basis of medium range artillery rocket program. This eventually led SAGE to develop SAGE 227 rocket, a 227mm rocket that can be fired from M-270 MLRS launchers. One of the primary objectives of SAGE 227 project is to become self sufficient in ammunition of M-270 system with a more advanced rocket. SAGE developed three versions of SAGE 227 apart from the baseline design: 227B, 227C and 227D, all having HPTB based solid composite propellant, but differing in warhead and aerodynamic characteristics. Prototypes were produced in early 1990's but it is not confirmed whether these rockets were even test fired or not. There are widespread reports in Turkish media that "the first Turkish rocket was test-fired in Konya Karapinar test range on 13 February 1995". As the unclassified rocket development history of SAGE is taken into acount, this date coincides with SAGE 227 project, since PARS rocket was not ever test fired and TOROS project kicked off in 1995.
Investing more in rocket and missile technology, SAGE started work on inertial guidance systems in its METU Guidance laboratory in 1993 by the financial support of SSM. All research and development works were focused on an experimental project designated as SAGE 227F PARS (Programlanabilir Ataletsel Roket Sistemi; Programmable Inertial Rocket System) Started in January 1996, PARS was from the start defined as a "proof-of-concept" program to study the feasibility to develop an indigenous guided rocket system with a range interval of 15km- 45km, and form the know-how base of guidance and control technologies. Several other defence companies like ASELSAN and AYESAS also participated in the program, which was concluded in December 1998. An interesting feature of the project is, all the electronics and sensor systems used in PARS are COTS (Commercial Off-The Shelf) products.
Airframe design being based on SAGE 227, as the designation implies, PARS was in fact a laboratory model, being a testbed for experimental studies. It assisted SAGE to form considerable technological experience and infrastructure, which proved to be extremely helpful in HGSS (Hassas Gudumlu Silah Sistemi; Precision Guided Weapon System) project and several other guided rocket and missile system designs.
Probably the most controversial and popular project of SAGE is TOROS (Topcu Roketi Sistemi; Artillery Rocket System), which is a series of two artillery rockets: SAGE 230A (TOROS 230A) and SAGE 260A (TOROS 260A), 230mm and 260mm in diameter respectively. Often confused as a joint project with China and even with "Project J", TOROS, as well as SAGE 227 series of rockets, is an indigenous program of TUBITAK - SAGE.
TOROS project was started in 1995, again triggered by the failure of MLRS joint production program and frustration by the United States' reluctancy to share technology. Initially funded by TUBITAK's own budget, TOROS became a joint project of SAGE and MKEK in 1996. Preliminary design studies were completed in the same year and ground tests were conducted in 1997. The first tests of TOROS was conducted on 15 April 1999, involving firing of two SAGE 230A prototypes, designated as Bosna (Bosnia) and Kosova (Kosovo) from Sile test range to Black Sea. The tests were claimed to be extremely succesful, reportedly encouraging SAGE to proceed with the development of SAGE 260A. Following the test of SAGE 230A, TOROS project was revealed to public in late 1999. The first test of SAGE 260A took place on 10 February 2000, again in Sile test range and also with SAGE 230A firings, in front of press. These tests attracted considerable attention from both internal and international public.
The TOROS system consists of five sub-systems: Launcher vehicle, logistics vehicle and maintenance vehicle based on a 6×6 truck chassis, command and control vehicle on a 4 × 4 chassis and the TOROS unguided surface-to-surface rockets.
SAGE 230A is a 230mm artillery rocket with a reported range of 65km, while SAGE 260A is 260mm in diameter and with 100km range. Both have HPTB based composite propellants. SAGE 230A is fired from two sets of six launchers and SAGE 260A from two sets of four. Both rockets have composite airframes and blast fragmentation warheads. The rockets have four wrap around fins at the rear which unfold after launch with sabots towards the front which are discarded after launch. A fin detent system is fitted to reduce wind dispersion of the rockets.
The rockets are transported and launched from pods with composite sealed launch tubes. The 230mm launcher pod contains six rockets and the 260mm pod contains four rockets. The pods are mounted on a turntable installed on the rear of the launch platform with powered elevation and traverse. Each launcher would have two pods of TOROS rockets. Launcher reloading time is given as around 12 minutes.
There is one prototype launcher vehicle of TOROS, and interestingly, this system is based on Serbian made FAP 2026 BS 6x6 truck chassis, also used in M-77 Oganj MBRLS. In serial production, the launcher chassis would be MAN 6x6 26.281 or 26.372.
There is one prototype launcher vehicle of TOROS, and interestingly, this system is based on Serbian made FAP 2026 BS 6x6 truck chassis, also used in M-77 Oganj MBRLS. In serial production, the launcher chassis would be MAN 6x6 26.281 or 26.372.
A typical TOROS rocket launcher battery would consist of six launchers, each supplied by an resupply / reloading vehicle. Each firing platform would have an advanced GPS and inertial navigation system to reduce into action times and improve target response times. There would be a command post mounted on a 4x4 tactical truck or wheeled armored personnel carrier equipped with GPS / INS, secure communications systems, datalink and meteorological measurement systems.
Final validation work on TOROS project was concluded in early 2000's and the system was reported to be ready for serial production. So far, TOROS has not entered production and service. It is speculated that with M-270 MLRS systems nearing the end of their service period, TOROS project may be resurrected and put into serial production. If that would be the case, the main contractor of the project needs to be defined, since ROKETSAN has become the main center of technology and production of rocket and missiles in Turkey, while on the other hand TOROS was a joint project of TUBITAK and MKEK.
ქართული არმიისთვის აუცილებელი შეიარაღების ტიპები, ვურჩიოთ თავდაცვის სამინისტროს...... 
