აგერ კვადროს მუშაობის პრინციპები:
quattro generation IIStarting from 1988 on older generation Audi C3 platform and Audi Quattro turbo coupe until the end of their production and on new generation B3 platform (1989-1992) Audi 80/90 Quattro, B4 platform (1992-1995) Audi 80, Coupe Quattro, Audi S2, Audi RS2, C4 platform (1991-1994) Audi 100 Quattro, Audi S4, earlier C4 platform (1995) Audi A6/S6.
What: Permanent all wheel drive.
Torsen center differential, 50/50 split, automatically locking with up to 80% of torque transfer to either axle.
quattro generation IVStarting from 1996 on Audi A4/S4/RS4, Audi A6/S6/Audi_RS6, Audi A8/S8 with both manual and automatic transmissions. Also on VW Passat B5, where it was initially referred to as Syncro, but by the time it reached US soil, it had been rechristened 4motion. Also used on the Volkswagen Phaeton and sister vehicles; also the Volkswagen Touareg where they use separate transmissions, PTU's and front axles. Manually locking rear differential replaced by Electronic Differential Lock (Difflock imitation, detects wheelspin via ABS sensors and applies brakes to spinning wheels thus transferring torque via open differential to another wheel which has more traction)[1]. EDL works at speeds up to 40 km/h (25 mph), on more powerful versions such as S4/S6/S8 - up to 80 km/h (50 mph). In addition to EDL, Audi A8/S8 limits engine rpm when excessive wheelspin occurs.
What: Permanent all wheel drive.
Torsen center differential, 50/50 split, automatically locking with up to 80% of torque transfer to either axle. Some recent vehicles [2006+ B7 RS4] have the "Sport Differential" with 40/60 front/rear torque split rather than 50/50
HaldexStarting from 1998, the Swedish Haldex unit replaced the viscous coupling. Haldex is used on the Audi A3/S3, Audi TT, Mk4 and Mk5 generations of Golf, Jetta and R32, VW Sharan, 6th generation Passat (also based on the A-platform) and 5th generation Transporter (van). On the Audi's, the trademark holds true and is referred to as quattro, where the Volkswagens receive the 4motion name. The Škoda Octavia 4x4 and SEAT Léon 4 and Alhambra 4 also used Haldex, being based off of Volkswagen models. Curiously, the Bugatti Veyron also utilizes Haldex, though with separate transmission, PTU and front and rear axles.
What: Automatic all wheel drive (on demand).
Haldex multiplate clutch with electronic control acting as a center differential.
Open rear differential, EDL on some models (not proved).
Open front differential, EDL.
How: Normally front wheel drive vehicle. In normal driving conditions near 100% of torque transferred to front axle. When slipping occurs, Haldex multiplate clutch locks and up to near 100% of torque is automatically transferred to rear axle. Haldex clutch offers instant activation – it locks as soon as one driveshaft travels just 1/8 of a turn further than the other. Front wheels do just 1/4 of a turn before AWD is activated. Accompanied by EDL on front wheels, in on-road conditions the car will not move if both front and one rear wheels lose traction.
Again, due to limitations of Electronic Differential Lock (see quattro IV description above), in off-road conditions it is enough for one front and one rear wheel to lose traction and the car will not move.
The Haldex system is more reactive than preventative; the Torsen's even power split under non-slipping conditions makes slipping less likely to start, while the Haldex's greater torque split under slipping conditions is helpful for recovery.
Haldex Electronic Control Unit disengages the clutch as soon as brakes are applied to allow ABS work properly; it also disengages the clutch when handbrake is pulled to allow “handbrake turns”. When performing tight low-speed turns (e.g. parking) the clutch is disengaged by Electronic Control Unit to avoid wind-up in transmission.
THANKS TO WIKIPEDIA
AUDI A6 2.7 BI-TURBO, შემოდით
